NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Macro Economics: Class 12 Macro Economics Textbook solutions are curated by subject experts keeping in mind the Latest CBSE Curriculum. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Macro Economics can be accessed simply from here. Ace up your preparation level by making use of NCERT Macroeconomics Class 12 PDF at the earliest.
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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Macroeconomics gives students an opportunity to catch the excitement of solving Questions of Class 12. All the solutions are provided in detail and help you prepare for exams. 12th Class Macro Economics NCERT Solutions are arranged in a systematic manner and you can have a better learning experience. You can access the Chapterwise NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Macro Economics through the quick links available. Download them for free of cost and use them during your ultimate preparation.
JAC-Jharkhand Board Class 12 Books pdf for Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, Accountancy, Business Studies, Business Maths, Economics, Computer Science, Geography, History, Political Science and other are available here in pdf format for download. Students can download these JAC board books or Jharkhand board class 12 books 2023 in both English & Hindi medium through this website.
The Department of School Education and Literacy (SEAL) Development Department are decide to preparing the Jharkhand Council of Educational Research & Training (JCERT) books for 1st to 5 th standard students. The JCERT Textbooks will be same as the NCERT Textbooks but in JCERT books will be include some extra topics & chapter basic on the Jharkhand. So You can use these both books for preparing JAC board class 12th board exams as well as other entrance & competitive exams like JEE, NEET, JCECEB, BCECEB etc.
Jharkhand state board books i.e. NCERT books are very important & useful for preparing jac 12th board exam, because jharkhand academic council prepare the JAC board Question Paper & Question Pattern on the basis NCERT textbooks. So if you are preparing for the jac 12th board examination, then you should download the Jharkhand board class 12 books which is based on the latest Syllabus & Exam pattern.
Jharkhand board class 12 books pdf download links are given here, You can download these JAC 12th Arts, Commerce & Science books through JAC board class 12 books pdf download 2023 links which is given below after the table.
Here we are providing the JAC-Jharkhand board class 12 books pdf for Physics. You can download these JAC board Physics books pdf for class 12 in both English & Hindi medium for offline use. Download chapter-wise JAC board class 12 books for physics through given links below.
Chemistry is the most scoring subject in Science stream and NCERT chemistry book is enough to score good marks in board exams. For JAC board chemistry book of class 12 you can follow the NCERT textbook that will be enough for JAC 12th chemistry board exam. You can download the NCERT JAC board class 12 chemistry book pdf in hindi & english medium.
Class 12 Mathematics JAC board book in Hindi & English Medium are given below. Download NCERT JAC board maths book pdf for offline use. For JAC board maths book you can follow NCERT, R.S. Aggarwal, R.D. Sharma & other books pdf but for JAC board class 12 maths book you should download & use the NCERT class 12 maths book pdf, because it is enough for JAC board maths exams & most of the questions are asked from NCERT. The JAC 12th math book pdf download links are given below.
JAC board Biology Book for class 12 is very very important for boards as well as NEET & other Medical Entrance or Competitive exams. Jharkhand board follow the NCERT class 12 biology textbook for JAC board exams. JAC class 12th biology book pdf download links are given below for both Hindi & English Medium, Download the Jharkhand board class 12 biology pdf book for offline use.
JAC board 12th English Book pdf download links are available here for both Flamingo & Vistas book. Jharkhand board prescribed the NCERT Flamingo & NCERT Vistas books as JAC board class 12 English Book pdf. You can download Class 12th english book jac board pdf through given links below.
Accountancy book class 12 JAC board is the most important book for jac board commerce stream students. Here we are providing the NCERT Class 12 Accountancy Book pdf download links. You can download this JAC class 12th Accountancy book pdf in Hindi & English Medium.
JAC board Business Studies Class 12 Book pdf download links are given below. You can download this JAC or NCERT bussines studies book pdf as well as other JAC board class 12 Commerce books in Hindi & English Medium through this website.
JAC 12th Economics Book in Hindi & English are available here in pdf format, NCERT Economics Book (Hindi & English) for Class 12 are devided into two parts Macroeconomics & Indian Economic Development. Economics book class 12 JAC board pdf download links are given below. Also you can check out the complete Jharkhand board class 12 books pdf download links.
JAC board class 12 History Books Hindi & English Medium are available here in pdf format. You can download this JAC NCERT History Book for Class 12 (Hindi & English Medium) Chapter-wise for offline use. Students also can download Complete 12th History Book (Includes All chapters) through the pdf download links which are given below.
The Jharkhand board class 12 books pdf download links for geography are available here, NCERT Geography Book for class 12 are available for both Hindi & English Medium students, download JAC NCERT Geography Book for offline use.
The genotypes most frequently assessed alongside Exon 20ins with regards to outcomes of interest were classic mutations (Exon 19 deletion and L858R) and the T790M mutation, evaluated in nine and six studies, respectively. Other mutations assessed alongside Exon 20ins, such as Exon 18 mutations, other uncommon mutations, and EGFR wildtype (wt) were not reported frequently enough to draw conclusions across the literature.
One exception was a retrospective study from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, which reported comparable median OS for Exon 20ins (46 patients) vs. classic mutations (258 patients); 26 versus 31 months (p = 0.53) [11]. The majority of patients in this study received chemotherapy followed by erlotinib, whereas most other studies evaluated TKIs. In a retrospective case series from National Taiwan University, median OS in 43 patients with Exon 20ins receiving first-line pemetrexed approached that of 1,064 patients with classic EGFR mutations receiving first-line chemotherapy or TKIs; 28 months versus 31.6 months, whereas 16 Exon 20ins patients treated with first-line TKI-containing regimens had much lower survival (16.8 months) [32]. Most studies evaluated mixed lines of therapy, so the impact across individual lines of therapy is unclear.
Notably, the presence of an Exon 20ins mutation alone appears to have poorer outcomes than Exon 20ins with concomitant classic EGFR mutations (del 19 and L858R). A retrospective case series conducted in in Latin America showed that Exon 20ins alone (88 patients) was associated with significantly shorter survival compared to Exon 20ins with a concomitant classic EGFR mutation (32 patients); 14.6 vs.17.3 months (p = 0.017) [33].
The total score is calculated by adding up all the three scores, namely, education, occupation, and total family income. According to the total score thus calculated, the family is placed in the appropriate socioeconomic class as explained in the following Table.Table:
Health inequities are caused by a range of determinants that can be categorized as structural and intermediary determinants (terms equivalent to distal and proximal causation, respectively, in sociological literature), according to the Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) [8]. Together, they are termed social determinants of health. The structural determinants are particularly those that produce health inequities by generating or reinforcing social stratification in societies [8]. They broadly include socioeconomic and political contexts, structural mechanisms, and socioeconomic position. The socioeconomic and political contexts include all socioeconomic and political structures, institutions, and relations in a society. They generate, configure, and maintain social hierarchies in a society through structural mechanisms in terms of differential socioeconomic positions when the populations are stratified according to class, gender, race/ethnicity, income, education, occupation, and other characteristics. The structural determinants then operate through a set of intermediary determinants to produce differential health-compromising conditions. The intermediary determinants include factors of individual-level influences that produce health outcomes, such as material circumstances, psychosocial circumstances, behavioral and/or biological factors, and health system and community contextual factors. The CSDH framework highlighted the causal priority of the structural factors in generating differentials in health risks for differential health outcomes [8]. It stresses power as a critical factor shaping social hierarchies and thus conditioning health differences between groups. The CSDH framework can be used to explore the structural and intermediary factors of health inequities, including maternal health, and understand the underlying mechanisms or the causal chains between these factors.
In this integrated framework (Fig. 1), we identify maternal health as a social phenomenon with outcomes that are influenced by contextual factors [11]. The contextual factors that create social hierarchies or stratifications in societies produce maternal health inequities [8, 11]. We further identify governance, policies and laws (national), cultural and social values, and international laws, policies, treaties, and conventions as the socioeconomic and political contexts that create socioeconomic hierarchies in societies in terms of social class, ethnicity/racism, gender, education, occupation, and income. This socioeconomic position operates through a set of intermediate factors that can broadly be categorized into individual-level factors (biological, health status, behavioral, and psychosocial), environmental factors (community, family, and peer influences), and health system factors to produce differentials in maternal health outcomes. 2ff7e9595c
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